Macular Degeneration and Screen Time: What You Need to Know

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) damages the macula, the part of the retina you use for sharp central vision. If you spend all day at a screen, it's natural to wonder whether that raises your risk. The short answer from eye specialists: there's no good evidence that it does.

Do screens cause AMD?

The American Academy of Ophthalmology has said there is no scientific evidence that the blue light from computer and phone screens damages the eyes. Screens can cause digital eye strain, which is uncomfortable, but that doesn't lead to macular degeneration.

What does raise the risk

• Age: the biggest risk factor. AMD is most common after 50 and much more common after 60.
• Smoking: smokers have a considerably higher risk. Quitting helps at any age.
• Family history and genetics.
• Heart and blood vessel health: high blood pressure and high cholesterol are linked with higher risk.
• Diet: diets rich in leafy greens and fish are associated with lower risk. For some people with existing AMD, doctors recommend specific supplements; ask yours before starting any.

Using screens with AMD

For people who already have AMD, screens can be a help rather than a problem, because you can make everything bigger and clearer:

• Zoom in: Ctrl or Cmd and plus enlarges any web page.
• Increase contrast: high contrast settings in Windows and macOS, or a high contrast mode in Chrome, make text stand out.
• Use magnifiers and screen readers built into your operating system.
• Try text to speech for long articles.
• Reduce glare with good room lighting and a matte screen.

Get regular eye exams

AMD often has no early symptoms, and early detection matters. If you notice straight lines looking wavy, a blurry or dark spot in the center of your vision, or colors looking faded, see an eye doctor promptly.